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Compare Tokelau (2001) - Puerto Rico (2003)
Compare Tokelau (2001) z Puerto Rico (2003)
| Tokelau (2001) | Puerto Rico (2003) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of New Zealand) | none (commonwealth associated with the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 78 municipalities (municipios, singular - municipio) at the second order; Adjuntas, Aguada, Aguadilla, Aguas Buenas, Aibonito, Anasco, Arecibo, Arroyo, Barceloneta, Barranquitas, Bayamon, Cabo Rojo, Caguas, Camuy, Canovanas, Carolina, Catano, Cayey, Ceiba, Ciales, Cidra, Coamo, Comerio, Corozal, Culebra, Dorado, Fajardo, Florida, Guanica, Guayama, Guayanilla, Guaynabo, Gurabo, Hatillo, Hormigueros, Humacao, Isabela, Jayuya, Juana Diaz, Juncos, Lajas, Lares, Las Marias, Las Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Maricao, Maunabo, Mayaguez, Moca, Morovis, Naguabo, Naranjito, Orocovis, Patillas, Penuelas, Ponce, Quebradillas, Rincon, Rio Grande, Sabana Grande, Salinas, San German, San Juan, San Lorenzo, San Sebastian, Santa Isabel, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Utuado, Vega Alta, Vega Baja, Vieques, Villalba, Yabucoa, Yauco |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years: 22.9% (male 454,908; female 434,555)
15-64 years: 65.2% (male 1,212,764; female 1,322,356) 65 years and over: 11.9% (male 200,669; female 260,625) (2003 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats | sugarcane, coffee, pineapples, plantains, bananas; livestock products, chickens |
| Airports | none; lagoon landings by amphibious aircraft from Samoa | 31 (2002) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 19
over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 5 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 12
914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 10 (2002) |
| Area | total:
10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 9,104 sq km
land: 8,959 sq km water: 145 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | slightly less than three times the size of Rhode Island |
| Background | Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925. According to a UN report, these low-lying islands will disappear in the 21st century, if global warming continues to raise sea levels. | Populated for centuries by aboriginal peoples, the island was claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following Columbus' second voyage to the Americas. In 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule that saw the indigenous population nearly exterminated and African slave labor introduced, Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish-American War. Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917 and popularly elected governors have served since 1948. In 1952, a constitution was enacted providing for internal self-government. In plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998 voters chose to retain commonwealth status. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | 15 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$430,830 expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 (1987 est.) |
revenues: $6.7 billion
expenditures: $9.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY 99/00) |
| Capital | none; each atoll has its own administrative center | San Juan |
| Climate | tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November) | tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature variation |
| Coastline | 101 km | 501 km |
| Constitution | administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970 | ratified 3 March 1952; approved by US Congress 3 July 1952; effective 25 July 1952 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Tokelau |
conventional long form: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
conventional short form: Puerto Rico |
| Currency | New Zealand dollar (NZD) | US dollar (USD) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | 7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Debt - external | $0 | $NA |
| Dependency status | territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with Wellington | commonwealth associated with the US |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of New Zealand) | none (commonwealth associated with the US) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of New Zealand) | none (commonwealth associated with the US) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $3.8 million (1995) | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people must rely on aid from New Zealand to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand. | Puerto Rico has one of the most dynamic economies in the Caribbean region. A diverse industrial sector has far surpassed agriculture as the primary locus of economic activity and income. Encouraged by duty-free access to the US and by tax incentives, US firms have invested heavily in Puerto Rico since the 1950s. US minimum wage laws apply. Sugar production has lost out to dairy production and other livestock products as the main source of income in the agricultural sector. Tourism has traditionally been an important source of income, with estimated arrivals of nearly 5 million tourists in 1999. Growth fell off in 2001-02, largely due to the slowdown in the US economy. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 19.44 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 20.9 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel: 99.2%
hydro: 0.8% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Cerro de Punta 1,338 m |
| Environment - current issues | very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand | erosion; occasional drought causing water shortages |
| Ethnic groups | Polynesian | white (mostly Spanish origin) 80.5%, black 8%, Amerindian 0.4%, Asian 0.2%, mixed and other 10.9% |
| Exchange rates | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.2502 (January 2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997), 1.4543 (1996) | the US dollar is used |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Lindsay WATT (since NA March 1993) head of government: Aliki Faipule FALIMATEAO (since NA 1997) cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders, one from each atoll; functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term |
chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)
head of government: Governor Sila M. CALDERON (since 2 January 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor with the consent of the legislature elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held 2 November 2004) election results: Sila M. CALDERON (PPD) elected governor; percent of vote - 48.6% note: residents of Puerto Rico do not vote for US president and vice president |
| Exports | $98,000 (f.o.b., 1983) | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | stamps, copra, handicrafts | chemicals, electronics, apparel, canned tuna, rum, beverage concentrates, medical equipment |
| Exports - partners | NZ | US 88.2%, UK 1.5%, Dominican Republic 1.4% (2001) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | the flag of New Zealand is used | five equal horizontal bands of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bears a large, white, five-pointed star in the center; design initially influenced by the US flag, but similar to the Cuban flag, with the colors of the bands and triangle reversed |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.) | purchasing power parity - $43.01 billion (2002 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: 1%
industry: 45% services: 54% (1999 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.) | purchasing power parity - $11,100 (2002 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | -0.2% (2002 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 9 00 S, 172 00 W | 18 15 N, 66 30 W |
| Geography - note | - | important location along the Mona Passage - a key shipping lane to the Panama Canal; San Juan is one of the biggest and best natural harbors in the Caribbean; many small rivers and high central mountains ensure land is well watered; south coast relatively dry; fertile coastal plain belt in north |
| Highways | total:
NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
total: 14,400 km
paved: 14,400 km unpaved: 0 km (1999 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $323,400 (c.i.f., 1983) | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, building materials, fuel | chemicals, machinery and equipment, clothing, food, fish, petroleum products |
| Imports - partners | NZ | US 53.5%, Ireland 16.3%, Japan 4.5% (2001) |
| Independence | none (territory of New Zealand) | none (commonwealth associated with the US) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing | pharmaceuticals, electronics, apparel, food products; tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | NA deaths/1,000 live births | total: 9.38 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 10.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 5% (2002 est.) |
| International organization participation | SPC, WHO (associate) | Caricom (observer), ECLAC (associate), FAO (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, WCL, WFTU, WHO (associate), WToO (associate) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 76 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 400 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau | Supreme Court; Appellate Court; Court of First Instance composed of two sections: a Superior Court and a Municipal Court (justices for all these courts appointed by the governor with the consent of the Senate) |
| Labor force | NA | 1.3 million (2000) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | agriculture 3%, industry 20%, services 77% (2000 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 3.72%
permanent crops: 5.07% other: 91.21% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English | Spanish, English |
| Legal system | British and local statutes | based on Spanish civil code and within the US Federal system of justice |
| Legislative branch | unicameral General Fono (45 seats - 15 from each of the three atolls; members chosen by each atoll's Council of Elders or Taupulega to serve three-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers legislative power on the General Fono | bicameral Legislative Assembly consists of the Senate (28 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives (51 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held 2 November 2004); House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held 2 November 2004) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPD 19, PNP 8, PIP 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPD 30, PNP 20, PIP 1 note: Puerto Rico elects, by popular vote, a resident commissioner to serve a four-year term as a nonvoting representative in the US House of Representatives; aside from not voting on the House floor, he enjoys all the rights of a member of Congress; elections last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held 2 November 2004); results - percent of vote by party - PPD 49.3%; seats by party - PPD 1; Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA elected resident commissioner |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
NA years male: NA years female: NA years |
total population: 77.26 years
male: 73.27 years female: 81.44 years (2003 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.8% male: 93.7% female: 94% (2001) |
| Location | Oceania, group of three islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand | Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of the Dominican Republic |
| Map references | Oceania | Central America and the Caribbean |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) 19,203 GRT/20,904 DWT
ships by type: container 1 (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand | defense is the responsibility of the US |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; paramilitary National Guard, Police Force |
| National holiday | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) | US Independence Day, 4 July (1776); Puerto Rico Constitution Day, 25 July (1952) |
| Nationality | noun:
Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan |
noun: Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens)
adjective: Puerto Rican |
| Natural hazards | lies in Pacific typhoon belt | periodic droughts; hurricanes |
| Natural resources | NEGL | some copper and nickel; potential for onshore and offshore oil |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | -1.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | National Democratic Party [Celeste BENITEZ]; National Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Luis FERRE]; New Progressive Party or PNP (pro-US statehood) [Carlos PESQUERA]; Popular Democratic Party or PPD (pro-commonwealth) [Sila M. CALDERON]; Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP (pro-independence) [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | Armed Forces for National Liberation or FALN; Armed Forces of Popular Resistance; Boricua Popular Army (also known as the Macheteros); Volunteers of the Puerto Rican Revolution |
| Population | 1,445 (July 2001 est.) | 3,885,877 (July 2003 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | -0.92% (2001 est.) | 0.58% (2003 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | Aguadilla, Arecibo, Fajardo, Guanica, Guayanilla, Guayama, Mayaguez, Playa de Ponce, San Juan |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998) |
AM 72, FM 17, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 1,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 0 km | total: 96 km
narrow gauge: 96 km 1.000-m gauge (2002) |
| Religions | Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant |
Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
| Suffrage | 21 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
adequate domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997 |
general assessment: modern system, integrated with that of the US by high-capacity submarine cable and Intelsat with high-speed data capability
domestic: digital telephone system; cellular telephone service international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat; submarine cable to US |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 1.322 million (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (2001) | 169,265 (1996) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 18 (plus three stations of the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service) (1997) |
| Terrain | low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons | mostly mountains, with coastal plain belt in north; mountains precipitous to sea on west coast; sandy beaches along most coastal areas |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | 2.02 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 12% (2002) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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